1、PDF外文：http:/ S C. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE EVOLUTION OF YOUTH TRAVELJ. Management & Marketing, 2010, VIII(2):9. &nbs
2、p; 外文翻译 1 1 FACTORS INFLUENCING THE EVOLUTION OF YOUTH TRAVEL Abstract Youth travel is an important part of global tourism, consequently, getting to know the evolution of this form of
3、tourism requires an approach of the aspects regarding the permissive and restrictive factors that influence the youth travel dynamic worldwide. In terms of the factors that influence youth ravel, we highlighted these two categories of factors (permissive and estrictive) and, within each category, we
4、 tried to singularize the influence of every factor over youth travel. Key Words Tourism, Youth travel, Factors influencing evolution of youth travel, General factors, Specific factors, Factors that favour the development of youth ravel, Factors that restrict the development of yo
5、uth travel. Introduction The spectacular evolution of tourism reveals the perceptive nature of this activity sector to the dynamic of society, its evolution under the influence of a complex system of factors, differentiated by nature, role and participation in different proportion
6、s to the tourism phenomenon. Their influence varies not only in accordance to the specific content, but also in relation to the moment and place of action and, in addition, their mutual conditioning and the simultaneity of their action potentiate the final effect, making it difficult to quantify eac
7、h contribution. &nbs
8、p; 外文翻译 1 2 The goal of this paper is to analyze and clarify the influence that a series of factors have on the evolution of youth tourism, starting with their classification in two basic categories: -general factors (demographic, incomes, prices and rates for tourism produ
9、cts, tourism offer, urbanization, leisure time, technical progress, etc), and -specific factors (socio-economic characteristics and the financial resources of the family, lack of information, etc), and to review the definitions given by various bodies in the field to youth travel.
10、; The main factors influencing youth travel As a part of tourism, youth travel is influenced by two types of factors: factors that favour the development of youth travel and which may be divided in general factors (demographic, incomes, prices and rates for tourism products, tourism offer, urb
11、anization, leisure time, technical progress, etc) and specific factors (socio-economic characteristics and the financial resources of the family, lack of information, etc) and factors that restrict the running and development of the activity, such as limited financial resources and the socio-e
12、conomic characteristics of the family, lack of free time, lack of information regarding tourism offers, language barriers, etc. The main factor influencing youth travel is the demographic factor, namely the populations dynamic and the changes in its structure in terms of age, occupation
13、, environment, etc. The population is a pool for the tourism offer, but its response to the demographic changes is relatively weak, even in the regions with a high level of economic development. The strong growth of the population in the last century did not fuel tourism in a systematic manne
14、r as it was foreseen, especially in regions with increased population growth where the change of the tourism intensity is slower, sometimes even imperceptible. Its about the regions with underdeveloped economy, where the birth rate is either exceeded by the death rate or is not accompanied by a prop
15、ortional increase in the quality of life. At global level it is estimated that together with the population increase, the indicator that expresses the share of tourists changed from 1/400 in 1950, corresponding to a population of 2.5 billion people, to 1/38 in 1998, for a population of
16、5 billion people and to 1/2 in 2000, corresponding to a population of 6 billion people (Cristureanu, 2006). Thus, we can see a
17、; 外文翻译 1 3 spectacular evolution of the tourism intensity, explained by the correlation of the demographic growth with the worldwide economic development. In conclusion, the d
18、emographic factor shows its effects on tourism, stimulating it in those regions where there are material, social and cultural conditions that come from economic development and, therefore, the quantitative connection between the tourism offer and the population size is not significant. If in
19、terms of quantity the demographic factor is not a determining factor of the tourism offer, the structural changes in terms of age, environment (urban, rural) and occupation influence tourism as a whole and they especially influence specific forms of tourism. The analysis of the demographic changes r
20、egards primarily the changes in the age pyramid and in the active population/inactive population ratio. Thus, the restructuring of the age pyramid shows a growth of the elderly population and it determines a larger portion of this population to be involved in practicing a specific form of tourism, j
21、oining tourists that are mainly middle-aged, the so-called active population. Regarding the ageing phenomenon, the share of people over the age of 60 is increasing across Europe (14.5% of the population in 2000, meaning 40 million people, compared to 13% in 1997； 17.1% of the European Union populati
22、on in 2008, with an upward trend of 30% in 2060 (Giannakouris, 2008), which positively influences the tourism activity because of the characteristics of elderly people: a general good state of health and mobility, free time to practice tourism, well informed consumers, curious of new experiences, le
23、ss seasonal than other categories of tourists, practicing tourism throughout the year. Regarding the vacation destinations, elderly tourists prefer the sea, tours and short stays in urban centers. The demographic changes in Northern Europe, United States of America and Japan wil
24、l increase the importance of the “third age” market and in regions where the population is increasingly younger South Europe, South America and Southeast Asia a growth of the market will be recorded for the segment of people between 18 and 30 years old. At global level the youth represents 30-35% of the population and is demographic segment with a major role in increasing the tourist traffic due to more free time, the need for training, the desire to have fun, etc. The number of pupils and students is rapidly increasing all over the world and,
