1、外文资料翻译 1.GPS obtains the wide-spread application, but it still had the insufficiency. GPS has become a global high and new technology industry, which is one kind of information infrastructure and is entering peoples daily life gradually. The existence insufficiency is very obvious, it is the system
2、which controls by military,and it is impossible at any time any place guarantee civil； In the bustling streets, the jungle, or in the mask and the environment bad situation, its usability is restricted； The single system itself has the limitation,and it is impossible to guarantee any application. 2.
3、GLONASS receives the attention,but it is actually disappointing. GLONASS once gave people the very optimistic scene, the reality is heartless because of the economical and the technical dual reasons, which enable it only works incompletely, now only has the insufficiency ten star work, and is very u
4、nstable. 3.Galileoi forestalls opponent by a show of strength, with GPS combination application for overall mentality. The Galileo plan lifts up high the pure civil flag, feels relieved for the human with the security sense. Moreover its announce publicly and the GPS compatible interaction, strength
5、ened its attraction and the competitive power, as well as service guarantee pledge. The richly colorful service may satisfy the different scale and the application domain demand. 4.The multi-system combination is better and better, using the equipment is limd. Many years later, possibly has many sat
6、ellite navigational system in the sky movement, is the better and better, one is not unnecessary； second, cannot do too using the receiver complex, will otherwise increase the cost largely, the being unable mass promotion； third, will receive after the satellite number will achieve certain number, t
7、he satellite signal many (will not bring the obvious advantage again. Generally has the pair of system foot. 5.The enhancement system emerges one after another incessantly, the final outlet is the multi-systems combination. Now various satellite navigation enhancement system emerges one after anothe
8、r incessantly, only says by the macrozonality enhancement system, has USs WAAS, Europes EGNOS, Chinas CWAAS, Japans QZSS (also has one kind is MSAS). Once has two complete whole world guidance system (GNSS) work, in-orbit satellite reaches 50-60, was not unnecessary to construct these macrozonalitie
9、s to strengthen is systematic. More is must walk both economizes, and handles matters road of the international cooperation. The military and civilian dual purpose and public and private builds is the development trend which one kind is noteworthy. 1.It takes military GPS and GLONASS announced succe
10、ssively implements the military and civilian dual purpose policy. The military controls GPS and GLONASS announced successively implements the military and civilian dual purpose policy, this accidentally, the satellite navigational system is one kind of very good information resource by no means that
11、 its constructions goal lies in uses, only then widely applies, can manifest its value. Certainly, GPS opens civil is also between the American Department of transportation and Department of Defense the long-term negotiations achievement, as soon as lets loose, really the effect is unusual, instead
12、has helped militarys busy, also causes the American national prestige to inspire greatly, and promoted the system technology and the user receiver technology greatly, only will then have the GPS modernization. 2.Galileo emphasizes its pure civil nature, in fact may also for military. What Galileo sa
13、id is pure civil, in fact may take in the same old way military, moreover the performance and a precision spot are unambiguous. Because its service divides into several ranks, some single plane pointing accuracy may reach 1m, is the military level completely. 3.Provides in many kinds of services, is
14、 most obvious by PRS military. Galileo Provides five kind of services； first, same free “serves (OS) publicly” with the GPS standard positioning service； second, “commercial service (CS)”； third, “the safety serves (SoL)”； fourth, “the search rescue serves (SAR)”； fifth, “the public special permissi
15、on serves (PRS)”. With OS, CS, SoL compare, PRS may provide a higher-level protection, resists to the spatial signal (SIS) attack, the goal is improves the SIS usability probability, the achievement deals with the economical terrorism, malicious or the hostile disturbance countermeasure measure, thi
16、s is the obvious military characteristic. 4.It takes an item of national the information infrastructure, civil this should be an application key. The satellite navigational system takes an item of national the information infrastructure, should use and maximum limit play its role fully, particularly
17、 the civil domain is extremely broad, take GPS as the example, above 95% is civil. 5.The military and the civil signal separates is possibly a wise move. In order to guarantee that military and civilian both sides respective use, should better be general separates with the signal and the civil signa
18、l, GPS M-code and Galileo PRS are separates alone. People musttake seriously to apply equipments research and development and the industrial production fully, this is system successful important symbol. 1.Satellite navigational system construction must carry out the application finally, it is its st
19、arting point and the home to return. Using is the system construction primary purpose, therefore system designs starting point must consider for the practical application, must to apply the equipment creation fine prerequisite. The GPS enhancement system comes in handy the same signal, namely the ki
20、nd of GPS signal, brings conveniently to the user, actually does not add any burden. 2.GPS success lies in its application to be very successful, the GLONASS faulty stroke in handwriting is the application difference. GPS starts using the receiver when only one kind, ten years later develops 100 man
21、y kinds, at the beginning of 2003 newest statistics indicated that has achieved 500 many kinds. The GPS receiver and extended the system to form a global high-tech industry, very widely is applied the national economy many domains 3.Japans success lies in the vehicles guidance to be very successful
22、with other application system, wins in the US. In satellite navigation application industrial production aspect, Japanese compared to American even better, particularly in the vehicles guidance and the surface navigation apply in the market, Japan holds the obvious superiority, the annual production
23、 amounts to several billions US dollars. 4.From “Beidou one” in the application promotion absorbs experience. “Beidou” star“Beidou” the constellation builds early oneself to complete, user quantity actually cannot come up, the primary cause is the user machine cannot follow, lacks equipment which go
24、es through a strategic pass comes in handy. In the master plan and the world integration owes a duration and degree of cooking. 5.People must strengthen vigorously applies the equipment and systems research development and the manufacturing. In order to cause the system construction goal to land on feet,
