1、 华中科技大学 毕业 设计 （ 论文 ）外文 文献 翻译 （本科学生用） 题 目： 船舶设计简介 学 生 姓 名： - 学号： - 学 院 :船舶工程学院 专 业 年 级 : 船舶与海洋工程 081 指 导 教 师： - 2012 年 5 月 18 日 1 外文文献翻译（译成中文 1000 字左右）： 【 主要阅读文献不少于 5 篇 ， 译文后附注 文献信息 ，包括 ： 作者、书名（或论文题目）、出 版 社（或刊物名称）、出版时间（或刊号）、页码 。 提供 所译 外文资料附件（印刷类含封面、封底、目录、翻译部分的复印件等，网站类的请附网址及原文 】 The introduction of sh
2、ip design The term basic design refers to determination of major ship characteristics affecting cost and performance. Thus, basic design includes the selection of ship dimensions, hull form, power (amount and type), preliminary arrangement of hull and machinery, and major structure. Proper selection
3、s assure the attainment of the mission requirements such as good sea keeping performance, maneuverability, the desire speed, endurance, cargo capacity, and deadweight. Furthermore, it includes checks and modifications for achievement of required cargo handing capability, quarters, hotel services, su
4、bdivision and stability standards, freeboard and tonnage measurement； all while considering the ship as part of a profitable transportation, industrial , or service system. Basic design encompasses both concept design and preliminary design. It results in the determination of major shop characterist
5、ics, permitting the preparation of initial cost estimates, In the overall design process, basic design if followed by contact design and detail design. Contract design, as its name implies, develops plans and specifications suitable for shipyard bidding and contract award. Well prepared contract pla
6、ns and specifications will be clear and in sufficient detail to avoid costly contingency items and protect bidders from obscure or inadequate description of requirements. Detail design is the shipyards responsibility for further developing the contract plans as required to prepare shop drawings used
7、 for the actual constructions of the vessel. An understanding of the entire design sequence is essential to anyone seeking to develop a basic design. The four steps involved are illustrated in the Design spiral,Evans(1959) as an iterative process working from mission requirements to a detail design,
8、 Fig.1.1. These steps are amplified further below: a. Concept design The very first effort, concept design, translates the mission requirements into naval architectural and engineering characteristics. Essentially, it embodies technical feasibility studies to determine such fundamental elements of t
9、he proposed ship as length, beam, depth, draft, fullness, power, or alternative sets of characteristics, all of which meet the required speed, range, cargo cubic. The selected concept design then is used as a talking paper for obtaining approximate construction costs, which often determine whether o
10、r not to initiate the next level of development, the Preliminary design.、 b. Preliminary design A ship s preliminary design further refines the major ship characteristics affecting cost and performance. Certain controlling factors such as length, beam c. Contract design The contract design stage yields a set of plans and specifications which form an integral part of the shipbuilding contract document. It encompasses one or more loops around the design spiral, thereby further refining the preliminary
